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Ordinary seaman (rating)
Ordinary seaman is a military rank used in naval forces.
== United Kingdom ==
In the Royal Navy in the middle of the 18th century, the term ordinary seaman was used to refer to a seaman with between one and two years' experience at sea, who showed enough seamanship to be so rated by their captain.〔Lavery 1989, p. 129〕 A seaman with less than a year's experience was referred to as a landsman.〔 One with more than two years' experience and considered "well acquainted with his duty" was referred to as an able seaman.〔Naval Records Society: Five Naval Journals 1787-1817. Cited in Lavery 1989, p. 129〕
Later, the term was formalized as a rating for the lowest normal grade of seaman. They are not trained in any special task. They are required to work at physically hard tasks of great variety. One needs an Ordinary Seaman Certificate to obtain work. One can become an able seaman as a promotion from this position.
In the modern Royal Navy the rank of Able Seaman is achieved by all recruits on completion of basic training (HMS ''Raleigh'') and subsequent intensive training in the specialism of choice. Thus the rank of Ordinary Seaman is obsolete. This is in line with increasing technical specialism and ability of RN personnel.〔http://www.royalnavy.mod.uk/Careers/Pay-Benefits-and-Learning/Pay-Details〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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